Four prisoners in a line each wear a black or white hat. They can only see the hats in front of them. Starting from the back, each must guess their hat color. At least 3 must be right or all die. What strategy saves them?

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Accepted Answer

The back person counts the white hats they see. If odd, they say 'white', if even, say 'black'. This parity information lets each person ahead deduce their color by tracking what's been said versus what they see.

Hat Color Logic

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